Asphalt pavement is the most widely used high-grade pavement in road construction, and the vast majority of transportation roads in China use asphalt concrete pavement. Asphalt concrete pavement is increasingly being applied in road construction due to its many advantages and characteristics compared to simple concrete pavement.

目前，隨著公路交通量日益增大，重載車輛、超載現(xiàn)象十分嚴重，加以受路面結(jié)構(gòu)、氣候、地形、地質(zhì)條件、行車荷載等多種環(huán)境因素的影響，其基層不論是柔性的還是半剛性的，都會產(chǎn)生不同程度各種形狀的裂縫。初期裂縫對公路瀝青路面的使用性能常無明顯影響，但隨著表面雨水或雪水的侵入，使處于開裂狀態(tài)下的路面病害日趨嚴重，特別是使裂縫附近路基的含水量加大，甚至飽和，在大量行車荷載的作用下，產(chǎn)生沉陷、沖刷和翻漿等病害，嚴重影響公路瀝青路面的使用性能。有效處治各種路面裂縫，防止路表水順裂縫進入到基層，同時也防止地下水順裂縫進入到路表面，可明顯延長路面使用壽命。

At present, with the increasing traffic volume on highways, the phenomenon of overloaded vehicles and overloading is very serious. Affected by various environmental factors such as road structure, climate, terrain, geological conditions, and driving loads, the base layer, whether flexible or semi rigid, will produce cracks of varying degrees and shapes. The initial cracks often have no significant impact on the performance of highway asphalt pavement, but with the invasion of surface rainwater or snow water, the pavement diseases in the cracked state become increasingly serious, especially the increase or even saturation of the moisture content of the roadbed near the cracks. Under the action of a large amount of driving loads, diseases such as settlement, erosion, and frost heave occur, seriously affecting the performance of highway asphalt pavement. Effectively treating various road surface cracks, preventing surface water from entering the base layer along the cracks, and also preventing groundwater from entering the road surface along the cracks, can significantly extend the service life of the road surface.

一般來說，瀝青混凝土路面裂縫大體分為兩種類型。

Generally speaking, cracks in asphalt concrete pavement can be roughly divided into two types.

第一種是荷載型裂縫：即主要由于行車荷載作用下產(chǎn)生的裂縫。在車輛荷載作用下，半剛性基層底部產(chǎn)生拉應力，如果拉應力大于基層材料的抗拉強度，則基層底部很快開裂，直至影響到瀝青面層。

The first type is load type cracks: cracks mainly generated under the action of driving loads. Under the action of vehicle loads, tensile stress is generated at the bottom of the semi rigid base layer. If the tensile stress is greater than the tensile strength of the base material, the bottom of the base layer will quickly crack until it affects the asphalt surface layer.

第二種是非荷載型裂縫：以溫度裂縫為主的低溫收縮裂縫和溫度疲勞裂縫；由于施工工藝不當或用了不合格材料產(chǎn)生的裂縫。

The second type is non load type cracks: low-temperature shrinkage cracks and temperature fatigue cracks mainly composed of temperature cracks; Cracks caused by improper construction techniques or the use of substandard materials.

兩種類型的裂縫分別通過橫向裂縫、縱向裂縫、網(wǎng)裂和反射裂縫等形式表現(xiàn)出來。

Two types of cracks are manifested through transverse cracks, longitudinal cracks, mesh cracks, and reflection cracks, respectively.

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